Congressional Republicans and Nebraska's Supreme Court have shipped the Keystone XL oil pipeline project right back to a reluctant President Barack Obama.
Obama is so loath to make the call that deliberations have entered their sixth year, nearly as long as he has held office.
He has blamed the delays on bureaucratic formalities and parochial issues in Nebraska, even when skeptics claimed that the politics of Obama's re-election race in 2012 were a more accurate explanation.
That campaign is past, the Nebraska issue is settled and a bipartisan bill forcing the pipeline's approval may soon reach Obama. Those on opposite sides of the debate just want the president to decide.
"It's time for the State Department and the president to make a decision on the Keystone XL pipeline — however they decide — because six years is beyond long enough," said Sen. Heidi Heitkamp of North Dakota, among the Democrats supporting the pipeline.
The 1,900-kilometre Keystone XL pipeline would run from Canada to the Texas Gulf Coast. (Andrew Cullen/Reuters)
In April, just as the State Department's review was nearing an end, Obama suspended it. The department has jurisdiction because the pipeline would start in Canada.
The White House cited uncertainty about the pipeline's route, spurred by a Nebraska court challenge.
On Friday, the Nebraska Supreme Court threw out the case, clearing the way for the pipeline to snake through the state as envisioned.
Review length in question
The State Department said it would pick up its review where it left off. It was unclear how long that review will last.
Republicans and some Democrats don't want to wait.
Now in charge of both the House and Senate, Republicans are speeding a bill that would authorize construction of the 1,900-kilometre pipeline. It would carry more than 800,000 barrels of crude oil a day from Canada to refineries along the Texas Gulf Coast.
The Keystone XL pipeline would carry 800,000 barrels of crude oil a day from Canada. (Lane Hickenbottom/Reuters)
The House approved the bill Friday, ending the first week of the new Congress. The Senate planned a test vote on an identical bill Monday, hoping to get it to Obama quickly.
Obama has repeatedly threatened a veto, saying Congress must not circumvent the executive branch's authority.
So far, Republicans haven't shown they have the votes to override a veto.
Global warming
Obama believes the project has becoming a proxy battle for the broader debate over global warming.
'"A vote against Keystone sends the signal that our government is taking the science of climate change and risk analysis seriously.'- Democratic Senator Martin Heinrich
"A vote against Keystone sends the signal that our government is taking the science of climate change and risk analysis seriously," said Sen. Martin Heinrich, D-N.M.
The energy industry and business groups say Obama is jeopardizing an $8 billion project that could create thousands of jobs.
Obama has said he will only allow the pipeline if it won't lead to increased carbon dioxide emissions. He also is skeptical of claims by supporters that the pipeline will create jobs or lessen U.S. dependence on foreign oil.
"I think that there's been this tendency to really hype this thing as some magic formula to what ails the U.S. economy," Obama said in a December news conference.
For Obama, the GOP's attempt to force action is a sign of his diminished leverage over Congress in his final two years.
Sen. John Hoeven, R-N.D., who is sponsoring the Keystone bill in the Senate, said approving the pipeline would be a good-faith measure that would make it easier for Obama and Republicans to compromise on other fronts.
"That would show some willingness on his part to start working together," Hoeven said. "He's got to start working with Congress."
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